God's Love and Justice
Sabbath School Lesson 9
The Cosmic Conflict
You may use this for presenting and studying the current Sabbath School Lesson.
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> Download the notes for Lesson 9 video here.
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> Download 1st Quarter 2025 Lessons: God's Love and Justice
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The idea that God does not always get what He desires is significant because it highlights the reality of human free will and the presence of sin in the world. God, in His sovereignty, allows people to make choices, even when those choices go against His perfect will. This has several theological and practical implications for how we understand the world.
Biblical Basis for God’s Unfulfilled Desires
God Desires All to Be Saved, But Not All Are Saved
1 Timothy 2:3-4 (ESV) – "This is good, and it is pleasing in the sight of God our Savior, who desires all people to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth."
2 Peter 3:9 (NIV) – "The Lord is not slow in keeping his promise, as some understand slowness. Instead, he is patient with you, not wanting anyone to perish, but everyone to come to repentance."
These passages show that God desires all people to be saved, but because of free will, many reject Him.
God’s Will Can Be Resisted
Matthew 23:37 (NKJV) – "O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the one who kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to her! How often I wanted to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were not willing!"
Ezekiel 33:11 (NIV) – "Say to them, ‘As surely as I live, declares the Sovereign Lord, I take no pleasure in the death of the wicked, but rather that they turn from their ways and live. Turn! Turn from your evil ways! Why will you die, people of Israel?’"
These verses show that God longs for people to repent, yet many resist His calling.
God Allows Human Free Will and Its Consequences
Deuteronomy 30:19 (ESV) – "I call heaven and earth to witness against you today, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and curse. Therefore choose life, that you and your offspring may live."
Romans 1:24 (NIV) – "Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another."
These passages emphasize that God gives people choices and allows them to face the consequences of their decisions.
Practical Implications
God’s Unfulfilled Desires Do Not Mean He Is Weak
God’s will includes permitting human choices, even when they oppose His desires. His patience and love allow room for repentance rather than forcing obedience.
Human Responsibility Matters
Since God allows choices, we must take responsibility for our actions and their outcomes rather than blaming God for evil and suffering.
Prayer and Evangelism Are Crucial
Understanding that God desires all to be saved should encourage believers to actively share the gospel (Matthew 28:19-20) and pray for others (1 Timothy 2:1-2).
Hope in God’s Ultimate Plan
Even though God’s desires are not always fulfilled in the present, His ultimate plan will come to pass (Revelation 21:3-4), where He will establish a world where righteousness dwells.
The fact that God does not always get what He desires reveals His love, justice, and respect for human free will. It calls believers to action—praying, evangelizing, and making choices that align with God’s heart. Despite present rebellion and suffering, we can trust that God’s ultimate purposes will be fulfilled in His perfect time.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 8: Free Will, Love, and Divine Providence
John 16:33 (NIV): “I have told you these things, so that in me you may have peace. In this world you will have trouble. But take heart! I have overcome the world.”
Life is full of challenges. We experience trials, heartaches, and difficulties that sometimes leave us feeling overwhelmed. Jesus, in His final words to His disciples before going to the cross, did not promise a life free of trouble. Instead, He assured them—and us—that tribulations will come. However, He also gave us a message of hope: In Him, we can find peace.
The Reality of Tribulations
Jesus did not sugarcoat the truth. He clearly said, “In this world you will have trouble.” This means that as long as we live on this earth, difficulties are inevitable. Whether it be sickness, financial struggles, relationship challenges, or spiritual battles, no one is exempt from trials.
But here is the key: Jesus does not leave us in despair. He reminds us that even in the midst of our troubles, we can find peace in Him.
The Assurance of Peace
Jesus said, “In me, you may have peace.” Notice that this peace is not found in the absence of trouble but in Christ Himself. The world offers temporary solutions—distractions, material comfort, or even denial—but true peace can only come from Jesus.
His peace is a supernatural peace. It is the same peace that calmed the storm when His disciples were afraid (Mark 4:39). It is the peace that surpasses all understanding, guarding our hearts and minds in Christ Jesus (Philippians 4:7).
The Victory of Christ
Jesus concludes with a powerful declaration: “But take heart! I have overcome the world.” These words remind us that no matter how great our struggles are, Jesus has already won the ultimate victory.
He conquered sin and death through His sacrifice on the cross.
He rose from the grave, proving that nothing—not even death—can separate us from His love.
He reigns as the victorious King, and one day, He will wipe away every tear and make all things new (Revelation 21:4-5).
How do we live in this peace despite our trials?
Trust in Christ daily. Lean on His promises and know that He is in control.
Pray and seek His presence. When anxiety arises, turn to Him in prayer (Philippians 4:6-7).
Hold onto His Word. Meditate on Scripture and let it strengthen your faith.
Encourage others. Remind those around you of the victory we have in Jesus.
Keep the Faith
Yes, troubles will come, but we do not face them alone. Jesus has already overcome the world, and in Him, we can find unshakable peace. So, no matter what you are going through today, take heart! Jesus has already won the victory.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 8: Free Will, Love, and Divine Providence
"9 making known to us the mystery of his will, according to his purpose, which he set forth in Christ
10 as a plan for the fullness of time, to unite all things in him, things in heaven and things on earth.
11 In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will."
What Does This Passage Say About Predestination?
This passage speaks about God's sovereign plan, which was established before time, to unite all things in Christ. Verse 11 mentions "predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will," which indicates that God has a predetermined plan for salvation. However, the focus is on God’s plan to bring people into His inheritance through Christ rather than predetermining the eternal fate of each individual.
Are Some People Predestined to Be Saved and Others to Be Lost?
The passage does not explicitly say that some are chosen for salvation while others are chosen for condemnation. Instead, it emphasizes God’s purpose in Christ—bringing unity and redemption to humanity. The Bible consistently teaches that salvation is available to all who accept Christ (John 3:16, 2 Peter 3:9), suggesting that predestination in this context refers to God's overarching plan rather than an arbitrary selection of individuals for salvation or damnation.
What Do Adventists Believe About Predestination?
Seventh-day Adventists reject the Calvinist doctrine of predestination, which teaches that God has predetermined who will be saved and who will be lost. Instead, Adventists believe:
- God desires all to be saved (1 Timothy 2:3–4, 2 Peter 3:9).
- Salvation is by grace through faith and requires human response (Ephesians 2:8–9).
- Predestination refers to God’s plan in Christ—those who accept Him are part of the "predestined" group, meaning God has foreordained salvation for all who choose Christ.
- Human free will is essential—people can choose to accept or reject God's offer of salvation.
Ephesians 1:9–11 teaches that God has a divine plan for salvation through Christ, but it does not imply that individuals are arbitrarily chosen for salvation or condemnation. Adventists believe in free will and that predestination refers to God’s purpose to save all who willingly accept Christ.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 8: Free Will, Love, and Divine Providence
Free Will in Matthew 22:37 and Deuteronomy 6:4-5
- Matthew 22:37 (ESV): “And he said to him, ‘You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’”
- Deuteronomy 6:4-5 (ESV): “Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one. You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might.”
Both of these passages emphasize the command to love God fully and completely. Love, by its very nature, must be given freely—it cannot be coerced or forced. These verses suggest that humans have the capacity to choose to love God with their whole being, reinforcing the reality of free will. If love were not a choice, then such a command would be meaningless.
God’s Nature and the Certainty of His Promises (Hebrews 6:17-18, Titus 1:2)
- Hebrews 6:17-18 (ESV): “So when God desired to show more convincingly to the heirs of the promise the unchangeable character of his purpose, he guaranteed it with an oath, so that by two unchangeable things, in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled for refuge might have strong encouragement to hold fast to the hope set before us.”
- Titus 1:2 (ESV): “In hope of eternal life, which God, who never lies, promised before the ages began.”
These verses highlight that God's nature is unchanging and truthful—He cannot lie, and His promises are certain. This ties into the concept of free will because:
God’s promises are trustworthy, meaning that the free will He grants us is real, not an illusion. If God asks us to love Him, it is because we genuinely have the ability to choose whether or not to do so.
God does not manipulate or deceive—if He calls people to follow Him, it is because they are truly free to accept or reject Him.
The consistency of God's character assures us that He will always honor the freedom He has given, never forcing obedience but desiring genuine love and devotion.
Matthew 22:37 and Deuteronomy 6:4-5 affirm human free will in the command to love God wholeheartedly. Hebrews 6:17-18 and Titus 1:2 reinforce that God, who cannot lie, has granted this freedom genuinely and does not revoke it. Together, these passages show that God desires true, willing love from His people while remaining faithful and unchanging in His nature.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 8: Free Will, Love, and Divine Providence
The term Pantokrator is one of the most profound titles for God, used extensively in Christian theology and biblical studies. The Greek word Παντοκράτωρ (Pantokrator) translates to "Almighty" or "All-Powerful" and is used in the Bible to describe God’s supreme sovereignty and omnipotence. This title reveals the majesty, authority, and power of God over all creation, history, and the affairs of humanity.
Pantokrator in the Bible
The title Pantokrator appears multiple times in the Greek Septuagint (LXX) and the New Testament, particularly in the Book of Revelation. It is often used to translate the Hebrew term El Shaddai, meaning "God Almighty." Throughout Scripture, this title reinforces God's absolute dominion and power.
Pantokrator in the Old Testament
Though the specific Greek word "Pantokrator" is a New Testament term, its Hebrew equivalent appears frequently in the Old Testament. Some of the key passages include:
Jeremiah 32:17 – "Ah, Lord God! Behold, You have made the heavens and the earth by Your great power and outstretched arm. There is nothing too hard for You."
Job 42:2 – "I know that You can do everything, and that no purpose of Yours can be withheld from You."
These verses emphasize God's omnipotence in creation and His ability to accomplish anything according to His divine will.
Pantokrator in the New Testament
The title Pantokrator is particularly emphasized in the Book of Revelation, where God's absolute rule is a central theme. Some notable passages include:
Revelation 1:8 – "I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End," says the Lord, "who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty (Pantokrator)."
Revelation 19:6 – "Alleluia! For the Lord God Omnipotent (Pantokrator) reigns!"
In these passages, God’s power is portrayed in His eternal nature, sovereignty, and ultimate victory over evil.
Theological Significance of Pantokrator
God's Supreme Sovereignty
As the Pantokrator, God is in full control over all creation, time, and history. His rule is unchallenged, and nothing happens outside of His divine will. This truth provides comfort for believers, knowing that even in chaotic times, God is still reigning.
God’s Omnipotence in Salvation
The power of God is not only seen in creation but also in redemption. Jesus Christ, being fully God, shares in this divine power. As Hebrews 1:3 states:
"Who being the brightness of His glory and the express image of His person, and upholding all things by the word of His power..."
This means that Christ, as the Pantokrator, is the sustainer of all things, including the salvation of His people.
Victory Over Evil and the Final Judgment
The Book of Revelation uses Pantokrator to emphasize that God will triumph over all evil. Revelation 11:17 declares:
"We give You thanks, O Lord God Almighty (Pantokrator), The One who is and who was and who is to come, because You have taken Your great power and reigned."
This shows that no force in heaven or on earth can stand against God’s rule.
Pantokrator in Christian Art and Worship
The image of Christ Pantokrator is one of the most iconic depictions in Christian art, especially in Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine traditions. It portrays Christ as the sovereign ruler, often holding the Gospels in one hand and blessing with the other. This artistic representation reinforces the biblical teaching that Christ is both Judge and Savior, holding all power and authority.
The title Pantokrator is a powerful declaration of God’s absolute authority and omnipotence. From Genesis to Revelation, Scripture affirms that God alone is sovereign, ruling over creation, history, and eternity. As believers, we find assurance in knowing that the Almighty God—our Pantokrator—is in control and will ultimately bring His divine plan to completion.
To Him be all glory, honor, and power forever! Amen.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 8: Free Will, Love, and Divine Providence
A theology that attributes everything that happens to God's direct will—including both good and evil—creates significant theological and philosophical problems.
The Problem of Evil and Divine Goodness
- If God directly wills all events, including acts of evil, suffering, and injustice, then it becomes difficult to reconcile God's goodness with the existence of such evils.
- This theology risks making God the author of evil, contradicting scriptural affirmations of His holiness (Habakkuk 1:13, James 1:13).
Moral Responsibility and Human Free Will
- If everything happens according to God's direct will, then human choices—including sinful ones—would not be truly free but rather divinely predetermined.
- This would undermine moral accountability, as people would not genuinely be responsible for their actions.
- The Bible frequently calls individuals to repent and act righteously, which presupposes real human choice (Deuteronomy 30:19, Joshua 24:15).
The Meaning of Prayer and Effort
- If all events are directly willed by God in an absolute sense, then prayer, effort, and moral striving might seem meaningless.
- Why pray for healing, justice, or transformation if everything—including suffering and injustice—is exactly as God wills it?
- This could lead to fatalism rather than faith.
Justice and Divine Judgment
- If God directly wills everything, then divine punishment of sin becomes perplexing. How can God judge people for doing what He directly willed them to do?
- A theology that makes God the cause of sin raises serious ethical concerns about divine justice and fairness.
The Nature of Love and Relationship
- Love requires freedom. If God's will is the only determining factor in all human actions, then love toward God (or from God) is not truly relational but mechanistic.
- This could diminish the meaning of a loving relationship between God and humanity.
This allows for a God who is sovereign yet does not directly will evil, preserving both divine justice and human responsibility.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 8: Free Will, Love, and Divine Providence
Did you know that ADRA is using taxpayer dollars from the US? Apparently not many know this. We think it is 100% not right, and should be stopped.
ADRA (Adventist Development and Relief Agency) is a humanitarian organization affiliated with the Seventh-day Adventist Church. It provides disaster relief, development aid, and social services worldwide, focusing on areas such as health, education, and economic development. ADRA operates in over 100 countries and partners with various organizations, including governments and international institutions.
ADRA receives funding from multiple sources, including private donations, church contributions, corporate sponsors, and government grants. A portion of its funding comes from the U.S. government, often through agencies like:
While ADRA is a faith-based organization, it maintains a policy of separating religious activities from government-funded humanitarian work. This means that taxpayer funds are used strictly for aid projects rather than religious outreach.
We do not buy any of that last sentence. You cannot justify the church taking and using taxpayer money. You can read ADRA's response at: ADRA Responds to USAID Funding Pause — Embracing Opportunities for Continuity | ADRA International
In Job 42:3, Job humbly acknowledges:
"You asked, ‘Who is this who hides counsel without knowledge?’ Therefore I have uttered what I did not understand, things too wonderful for me, which I did not know.” (NKJV)
This statement comes after God’s powerful response to Job in Job 38–41, where He challenges Job’s understanding of the universe by pointing to the vastness and complexity of creation. God’s speeches emphasize His supreme wisdom and control over all things, showing Job that human beings cannot fully grasp divine purposes.
Job’s Shift in Perspective
Earlier in the book, Job had wrestled with the injustice of his suffering. He insisted on his innocence and demanded an explanation from God, believing that his afflictions were undeserved. His friends, meanwhile, argued that suffering must be the result of sin, but Job rejected their simplistic view of divine justice.
However, after encountering God’s majesty and wisdom, Job realizes that his previous words were spoken without full understanding. He admits that his knowledge was limited and that he spoke about matters that were “too wonderful” for him—things beyond his ability to comprehend. This confession does not mean Job’s suffering was meaningless, but rather that he now recognizes the need for trust in God's wisdom rather than his own reasoning.
A Lesson in Humility and Faith
Job’s realization highlights an important spiritual truth: humans, in their finite nature, cannot always grasp God’s plans, but they are called to trust Him nonetheless. This echoes other biblical themes, such as in Isaiah 55:8-9, where God declares:
"For My thoughts are not your thoughts, Nor are your ways My ways,” says the Lord. “For as the heavens are higher than the earth, So are My ways higher than your ways, And My thoughts than your thoughts."
Instead of demanding explanations, Job moves to a place of humble submission. His suffering had driven him to deep questions, but in the end, he does not receive a direct answer—only a greater revelation of who God is. That revelation is enough for Job.
Theological Implications
God’s Wisdom Surpasses Human Understanding – Job learns that human knowledge is limited, and trusting in God’s sovereignty is wiser than trying to figure out every detail.
Faith Doesn’t Require All the Answers – Job never gets a specific reason for his suffering, but he finds peace in recognizing God’s greatness.
True Relationship with God Involves Trust – By the end of the book, Job moves from questioning God to trusting Him completely, illustrating a deepened faith.
Job’s admission in Job 42:3 marks a turning point. His suffering had led him to question God, but through divine revelation, he sees that he had spoken out of limited understanding. This realization doesn’t diminish his pain but brings him to a place of deeper trust. In the end, Job finds peace—not in having all the answers, but in knowing that God’s wisdom is far greater than his own.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 7 The Problem of Evil
God's Love and Justice
Sabbath School Lesson 8
The Problem of Evil
You may use this for presenting and studying the current Sabbath School Lesson.
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> Download the notes for Lesson 8 video here.
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> Download 1st Quarter 2025 Lessons: God's Love and Justice
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"Hope Beyond the Suffering"
Scripture Reading
- Romans 8:18 (NIV) – “I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us.”
- Revelation 21:3-4 (NIV) – “And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying, ‘Look! God’s dwelling place is now among the people, and he will dwell with them. They will be his people, and God himself will be with them and be their God. He will wipe every tear from their eyes. There will be no more death or mourning or crying or pain, for the old order of things has passed away.’”
Every day, we see evidence of suffering, injustice, and evil. Wars rage, diseases spread, families break apart, and many are burdened with grief. In moments like these, we may ask, "Where is God?"
Yet, Scripture assures us that our suffering is not the final chapter. Romans 8:18 reminds us that the pain we endure now is nothing compared to the glory God has prepared for us. Revelation 21:3-4 gives us an incredible promise—God will dwell with His people, wipe away every tear, and remove all pain forever.
God’s Presence: “God Himself Will Be With Them”
The most powerful aspect of Revelation 21:3 is that God Himself will be with us. From the beginning, God has desired a close relationship with His people. In the Garden of Eden, He walked with Adam and Eve. Through Jesus, He came to dwell among us (John 1:14). And in eternity, He will dwell with us in an even greater way.
This means that we are not alone in our suffering. Even now, through the Holy Spirit, God is present, comforting and strengthening us (John 14:16-17).
God’s Compassion: “He Will Wipe Every Tear from Their Eyes”
Tears are a universal language of pain—whether from loss, disappointment, or sorrow. But in eternity, God Himself will wipe away every tear.
This is not just a poetic image; it is a personal act of love. Just as a loving parent wipes the tears from a child’s face, God will remove our pain with His own hand. This shows us that God sees our suffering, He cares deeply, and He promises to heal every wound.
God’s Victory: “No More Death, Mourning, Crying, or Pain”
In this life, we experience loss—loved ones pass away, relationships break, and our own bodies grow weak. But God’s promise is clear:
No more death – The greatest enemy, death, will be defeated (1 Corinthians 15:54-55).
No more mourning – Grief and sadness will be erased.
No more crying or pain – All the suffering caused by sin will be gone forever.
This is the final victory of God’s goodness over evil. Everything broken will be restored.
Trusting God Through the Pain
When we look at our world, it’s easy to be discouraged. But these Scriptures remind us:
- Our pain is temporary, but God’s glory is eternal (Romans 8:18).
- God is not distant—He is with us and will bring perfect restoration (Revelation 21:3-4).
- We have a future where suffering will be no more.
So, how do we respond? We trust. We endure. We hope. Just as Christ endured suffering for the joy set before Him (Hebrews 12:2), we can hold on, knowing that our struggles today will one day be replaced by eternal joy in God’s presence.
Let us fix our eyes on Jesus, remain faithful, and look forward to the day when He will wipe away every tear. Evil does not win—God does!
More: Sabbath School Lesson 7 The Problem of Evil
Genesis 2:16-17 (KJV) states:
"And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat:
But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die."
These verses demonstrate the moral freedom given to Adam and Eve in several ways. First, God provides them with a command that requires a choice—obedience or disobedience. This shows that they were not created as robots programmed to follow God automatically but rather as beings with the ability to decide for themselves.
The presence of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil signifies that genuine love and obedience to God must be voluntary, not forced. If Adam and Eve had no option to disobey, their obedience would be meaningless. This reflects the concept of free will, which is foundational to human moral responsibility.
Similarly, humanity today possesses free will from God. Every person has the capacity to choose between good and evil, righteousness and sin. While God desires obedience and love, He does not coerce individuals into following Him. Instead, He provides guidance through His Word and the Holy Spirit while respecting human autonomy. This freedom allows for true relationship with God, where love and faithfulness are given willingly rather than out of necessity.
Genesis 2:16-17 shows that Adam and Eve were given the freedom to make choices, which highlights the moral responsibility that comes with free will. If God had not given them a choice—if He had prevented them from disobeying—then they would have been like robots, programmed to follow Him without any real autonomy.
The key difference between humans and robots is the ability to think, reason, and choose. Robots operate based on pre-set commands and have no personal will, emotions, or moral responsibility. They do only what they are programmed to do. In contrast, humans are created in the image of God (Genesis 1:27) and given the ability to make moral decisions, even if those decisions lead to consequences.
By allowing Adam and Eve the option to obey or disobey, God showed that true love and obedience must be freely given, not forced. This principle still applies today—God does not force anyone to follow Him, but He gives guidance and lets each person decide their own path. Our ability to choose is a gift, but it also carries responsibility, as our choices have real consequences, just as Adam and Eve’s decision did.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 7 The Problem of Evil
Psalm 73 is a reflection on the apparent prosperity of the wicked and the struggles of the righteous. The psalmist, Asaph, initially wrestles with feelings of envy and doubt as he observes the success of the wicked, despite their arrogance and oppression (vv. 1-14). He feels that his own pursuit of righteousness has been in vain, as he suffers while the wicked thrive.
However, his perspective changes when he enters the sanctuary of God (v. 17). In God's presence, he gains a divine perspective and realizes the ultimate destiny of the wicked. Though they may flourish for a time, their end is destruction—they are set on a slippery path that leads to ruin (vv. 18-20). This revelation helps the psalmist understand that worldly prosperity is fleeting, while true security comes from God.
In the latter part of the psalm, Asaph acknowledges his earlier bitterness and ignorance but reaffirms his trust in God (vv. 21-26). He recognizes that God is his ultimate strength and portion, and that the nearness of God is far more valuable than temporary wealth or success (vv. 27-28).
Ultimately, Psalm 73 teaches that justice and truth are not always visible in the present moment, but God’s wisdom and eternal justice will prevail. By shifting his focus from earthly circumstances to God's eternal plan, the psalmist finds peace and renewed faith.
Psalm 73 relates to "skeptical theism" because it highlights human limitations in understanding God's justice and purposes. The psalmist initially struggles with the problem of evil—why do the wicked prosper while the righteous suffer? However, his perspective changes when he enters God's presence and realizes that God's justice operates on a divine, eternal scale, beyond human comprehension. Similarly, skeptical theism argues that our limited knowledge prevents us from fully grasping God's reasons for allowing evil and suffering, reinforcing the idea that trust in God’s wisdom is necessary despite apparent injustices.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 7 The Problem of Evil
In Job 38:1–12, God answers Job out of a whirlwind, challenging him with a series of questions about the creation and order of the universe.
"Where were you when I laid the earth’s foundation? Tell me, if you understand. Who marked off its dimensions? Surely you know!" (Job 38:4–5, NIV)
This response does not provide Job with a direct answer to his suffering but instead shifts his perspective. By highlighting His divine wisdom and sovereign power, God reminds Job that there are realities beyond human comprehension. This passage underscores the limits of human knowledge, especially regarding the problem of evil.
The Mystery Behind the Scenes
One of the key themes in the book of Job is that suffering and evil often operate beyond human understanding. While Job and his friends debate the reasons for his misfortunes, they are unaware of the spiritual realities described in Job 1–2, where Satan challenges Job’s faithfulness. This unseen dimension suggests that human suffering may involve spiritual battles, divine testing, or purposes not immediately clear.
What We Know and What We Don't
From Job 38, we learn that:
1. God is in control – He laid the foundations of the world and governs all things.
2. Human knowledge is limited – Job cannot grasp the complexities of God’s plans.
3. Evil and suffering have a purpose – even if we do not always understand them.
However, what we do not fully know is how God’s justice, human free will, and spiritual forces all interact in every specific situation. Just as Job was unaware of the heavenly dialogue concerning him, we, too, do not always see the larger picture of our suffering.
Trusting God's Wisdom
God’s answer to Job invites us to trust in His wisdom, even when we do not have all the answers. Though evil exists, and suffering is real, God’s sovereignty assures us that He is ultimately in control. Instead of demanding explanations, Job is called to humble faith—an example we can follow in our own struggles.
Job 42:3 and Our Recognition of Human Limitations
In Job 42:3, Job humbly responds to God’s challenge: “Surely I spoke of things I did not understand, things too wonderful for me to know.” (NIV)
This verse highlights Job’s realization that he had questioned God without fully grasping His wisdom and sovereignty. Job acknowledges that there are divine purposes beyond human comprehension.
What This Teaches Us
1. Humility Before God – We must recognize our limited understanding and resist the urge to demand explanations from God.
2. Trust in God's Wisdom – Even when life is confusing or painful, we can trust that God’s plans are greater than what we can see.
3. Letting Go of Control – Like Job, we should surrender our need for answers and accept that God is sovereign and just.
Job’s response serves as a reminder that our place is not to challenge God’s wisdom but to trust in His goodness, even when we do not understand His ways.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 7 The Problem of Evil
Matthew 27:46 – "And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, ‘Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?’ that is, ‘My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?’"
These words of Jesus, spoken from the cross, are among the most profound and mysterious in all of Scripture. They echo Psalm 22:1, a psalm of lament that expresses deep suffering yet ultimately points to hope and vindication.
Understanding Jesus' Cry
A Cry of Despair and Human Suffering
- In this moment, Jesus fully experiences the depths of human suffering. He does not merely endure physical pain but also the agony of separation from the Father as He bears the weight of the world's sin.
- His words reflect genuine anguish, showing that He identifies completely with human pain, abandonment, and the feeling of divine silence.
The Weight of Sin and Divine Judgment
- Jesus, who knew no sin, became sin for us (2 Corinthians 5:21). As He bore the sins of humanity, He endured the separation from God that sin brings. This was not because the Father had literally abandoned Him, but because, in taking on sin, Jesus experienced the judgment that sin deserves.
- This moment highlights the full impact of evil—not just in human suffering but in its ultimate consequence: separation from God.
God’s Willingness to Be Touched by Evil
- The crucifixion is the ultimate instance of how evil touches God. Jesus, the Son of God, willingly enters into human suffering, taking upon Himself the worst that evil can do—betrayal, injustice, torture, and death.
- This shows that God does not remain distant from suffering but intimately experiences it. The cross is where divine justice and mercy meet, as God Himself endures the effects of sin to bring salvation.
Jesus' cry from the cross is a powerful expression of how deeply evil and suffering impacted Him. Yet, His suffering was not in vain—it was the means through which redemption was secured. His words remind us that even in the darkest moments, God has a plan, and through Christ's suffering, victory over sin and death was ultimately achieved.
More: Sabbath School Lesson 7 The Problem of Evil
Job 30:26 – "But when I looked for good, evil came to me; and when I waited for light, darkness came."
- Job expresses profound disappointment, expecting blessings but instead facing suffering. His experience underscores the unpredictability of life and the apparent contradiction between human expectation and reality.
Jeremiah 12:1 – "Righteous are You, O Lord, when I plead with You; yet let me talk with You about Your judgments. Why does the way of the wicked prosper? Why are those happy who deal so treacherously?"
- Jeremiah wrestles with the question of divine justice, wondering why the wicked seem to flourish while the righteous suffer. His plea mirrors the thoughts of many who struggle to understand why God allows injustice.
Jeremiah 13:22 – "And if you say in your heart, ‘Why have these things come upon me?’ For the greatness of your iniquity your skirts have been uncovered, and your heels made bare."
- This verse suggests that suffering is sometimes a consequence of sin, yet it does not fully resolve why the innocent also endure hardships. It highlights the complexity of divine justice and human suffering.
Malachi 2:17 – "You have wearied the Lord with your words; yet you say, ‘In what way have we wearied Him?’ In that you say, ‘Everyone who does evil is good in the sight of the Lord, and He delights in them,’ or, ‘Where is the God of justice?’"
- The people question whether God truly upholds justice, feeling disillusioned by the apparent success of evildoers. Their frustration reflects the universal human struggle with the delay of divine justice.
Psalm 10:1 – "Why do You stand afar off, O Lord? Why do You hide in times of trouble?"
- This psalm captures the anguish of feeling abandoned by God in moments of suffering. It gives voice to the deep emotional and spiritual distress experienced when God seems distant amid hardship.
These verses illustrate that the problem of evil is not just a philosophical dilemma but a deeply personal and emotional struggle. They reflect the universal human experience of questioning God's justice, wrestling with suffering, and seeking answers in the face of adversity. While they do not provide a simple resolution, they acknowledge the pain and confusion that often accompany faith in a broken world.
God's Love and Justice
Sabbath School Lesson 7
The Problem of Evil
You may use this for presenting and studying the current Sabbath School Lesson.
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> Download the notes for Lesson 7 video here.
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> Download 1st Quarter 2025 Lessons: God's Love and Justice
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Are you struggling with the question of God’s goodness?
From a Christian perspective, struggling with the question of God’s goodness is understandable, especially in the face of suffering, unanswered prayers, or injustice.
Acknowledging the Struggle
Many faithful Christians, including biblical figures like Job, David (in the Psalms), and even Jesus on the cross ("My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" - Matthew 27:46), have wrestled with this question.
Doubt and struggle are not signs of weak faith but can lead to deeper trust in God.
Looking at Scripture on God's Goodness
The Bible affirms that God is good (Psalm 34:8 – "Taste and see that the Lord is good.").
His goodness is seen in creation (Genesis 1), His provision (Matthew 6:26), and most powerfully in Jesus Christ (John 3:16).
Addressing Suffering and Evil
A key challenge to believing in God’s goodness is the presence of suffering. Christianity offers several insights:
Free Will – God created humans with free will, which allows for love but also the possibility of sin and evil (Deuteronomy 30:19).
The Fall – The world is broken due to sin (Romans 5:12), but God is working to restore it.
God’s Purpose in Suffering – Romans 8:28 assures us that God works all things for good for those who love Him. Suffering can refine faith (James 1:2-4).
Jesus' Suffering – Christianity uniquely teaches that God entered human suffering through Jesus, who experienced betrayal, pain, and death, showing that He is not distant from our struggles (Hebrews 4:15).
Seeing God's Goodness in Christ
The ultimate proof of God's goodness is Jesus Christ. Through His life, death, and resurrection, He shows God’s love, mercy, and justice.
Even when circumstances seem to say otherwise, we look to the cross as evidence of God's goodness and faithfulness (Romans 5:8).
Encouraging Trust and Relationship with God
Faith does not always mean understanding but trusting God’s character even in confusion (Proverbs 3:5-6).
Encouragement to pray honestly like the Psalms, seek Christian community, and read testimonies of God's faithfulness can help.
"You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’ But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, so that you may be sons of your Father who is in heaven. For he makes his sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the just and on the unjust. For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Do not even the tax collectors do the same? And if you greet only your brothers, what more are you doing than others? Do not even the Gentiles do the same? You therefore must be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect."
God’s Amazing Love
This passage reveals the extraordinary nature of God's love. Unlike human love, which often depends on conditions and personal benefit, God's love is universal and unconditional. He blesses both the righteous and the unrighteous, offering kindness even to those who oppose Him. This demonstrates that God's love is not based on merit but on His gracious character. Jesus calls us to reflect this divine love by loving our enemies and praying for those who persecute us.
How We Should Act Toward Others - 4 Points
1. Love Unconditionally – We are called to love not only our friends and family but also those who mistreat or oppose us.
2. Pray for Our Enemies – Instead of seeking revenge, we should pray for their well-being and spiritual transformation.
3. Show Kindness Without Partiality – Just as God provides for all people, we should extend kindness to everyone, regardless of how they treat us.
4. Strive for Godly Perfection – Jesus calls us to a higher standard, reflecting God's perfect love in how we treat others.
By loving even our enemies, we display the transformative power of God's love, becoming true children of our Heavenly Father.
More: Lesson 6 - God's Love of Justice
One of the theological tensions in Scripture involves whether or not God changes His mind. Some passages seem to suggest that God "relents" or "repents," while others insist that He does not. How do we reconcile these statements? A closer look at Exodus 32:14, Jeremiah 18:4–10, Numbers 23:19, and 1 Samuel 15:29 provides insight into this important question.
The Apparent Contradiction
Two sets of verses seem to present conflicting views:
1. God "Relenting" (Changing His Course of Action)
- Exodus 32:14 – "And the LORD relented from the disaster that he had spoken of bringing on his people."
- Jeremiah 18:4–10 – God describes how He may change His actions based on human response, stating that if a nation repents, He will withhold judgment, but if they turn to evil, He will bring disaster.
2. God Not "Repenting" (Changing His Nature or Ultimate Plan)
- Numbers 23:19 – "God is not man, that he should lie, or a son of man, that he should change his mind. Has he said, and will he not do it? Or has he spoken, and will he not fulfill it?"
- 1 Samuel 15:29 – "And also the Glory of Israel will not lie or have regret, for he is not a man, that he should have regret."
At first glance, these statements seem to contradict each other. If God relents, does that mean He changes His mind like humans do? Or, if God does not repent, does that mean His threats of judgment are meaningless? The key lies in understanding the distinction between God’s unchanging character and His responsive actions toward humanity.
Understanding God’s "Relenting"
The Hebrew word often translated as "relent" or "repent" in these passages is nacham, which can mean to be moved with compassion, to change one’s course of action, or to express sorrow. It does not necessarily imply regret in the human sense of having made a mistake.
God’s Moral Consistency vs. His Relational Flexibility
God’s nature and promises are unchanging, as emphasized in Numbers 23:19 and 1 Samuel 15:29. When He declares something based on His eternal character—such as His holiness, justice, or covenant faithfulness—it remains firm. However, when God issues warnings or judgments, they often come with an implicit condition: if people repent, He will show mercy.
This principle is explicitly stated in Jeremiah 18:4–10, where God describes how He deals with nations based on their response to His word. If they turn from evil, He will withhold judgment; if they fall into wickedness, He will bring calamity. This does not mean God is indecisive but rather that He engages relationally with humanity.
Exodus 32:14 – God’s Compassion in Response to Intercession
In Exodus 32, after Israel’s sin with the golden calf, Moses intercedes, pleading for God’s mercy. Verse 14 states, "And the LORD relented from the disaster that he had spoken of bringing on his people." Here, God does not change His eternal will or moral nature but responds to the intercession of Moses. His willingness to "relent" is a demonstration of His justice and mercy working together.
Theological Implications
God Does Not Change in His Nature or Ultimate Plans
- His holiness, justice, and faithfulness remain constant.
- His promises and purposes are not subject to human unpredictability.
God Does Respond to Human Actions
- When people repent, God shows mercy.
- When people persist in sin, judgment comes.
- Intercessory prayer plays a role in God’s engagement with humanity.
The Bible does not present a contradiction but rather a dynamic relationship between God’s unchanging nature and His responsive dealings with people. God does not change His ultimate purposes or moral standards, but He does respond relationally to human actions. His "relenting" is not an admission of error but a demonstration of His mercy and justice in perfect harmony.
Thus, when we read that "God relented" in one passage but "does not change His mind" in another, we should recognize that Scripture is addressing different aspects of God’s character—His unwavering faithfulness and His compassionate interaction with humanity.
More: Lesson 6 - God's Love of Justice
One of the most comforting truths in Scripture is the unchanging nature of God. In a world marked by constant shifts—cultural changes, economic instability, and personal uncertainties—the character of God remains steadfast. He is immutable, meaning He does not change in His essence, purposes, or promises. This attribute provides a firm foundation for our faith and an anchor for our souls.
The Bible clearly affirms the immutability of God in several passages. Malachi 3:6 declares, “For I the Lord do not change; therefore you, O children of Jacob, are not consumed.” Here, God assures His people that His covenantal love and faithfulness remain steadfast, ensuring their preservation despite their failures.
James 1:17 reinforces this truth: “Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change.” Unlike the shifting patterns of celestial bodies or the unreliable nature of human beings, God is constant in His goodness and generosity.
Similarly, 2 Timothy 2:13 reveals God’s faithfulness even when we are unfaithful: “If we are faithless, He remains faithful—for He cannot deny Himself.” This means that God’s commitment to His promises does not waver based on human actions. His nature is inherently faithful.
Titus 1:2 highlights that God cannot lie, underscoring the dependability of His Word: “In hope of eternal life, which God, who never lies, promised before the ages began.” If God’s character could change, then His promises would be uncertain. However, His immutability guarantees the reliability of His word.
Hebrews 6:17-18 further confirms this truth: “So when God desired to show more convincingly to the heirs of the promise the unchangeable character of His purpose, He guaranteed it with an oath, so that by two unchangeable things, in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled for refuge might have strong encouragement to hold fast to the hope set before us.” Because God’s purposes do not change, we can take refuge in His promises with unwavering confidence.
A Secure Salvation – If God could change, then His promises regarding salvation could also change. But because He is immutable, believers can rest assured that His gift of eternal life through Jesus Christ is secure (John 10:28-29).
Unshakable Promises – In a world where people break their commitments, God's promises remain steadfast. Whether it is His assurance of provision, peace, or guidance, He will always be faithful to His Word.
Consistent Character – Unlike humans, who are prone to mood swings and inconsistency, God’s character remains the same. His holiness, justice, mercy, and love are unchanging.
A Source of Comfort – In times of trouble, knowing that God’s love, mercy, and power do not diminish brings great comfort. What He has done for His people in the past, He will continue to do.
As believers, we can anchor our faith in God’s changeless character. The same God who parted the Red Sea, raised Jesus from the dead, and sustained His people throughout history is the God we serve today. In the midst of life’s uncertainties, His immutability provides peace and confidence. As Hebrews 13:8 affirms, “Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever.”
When we face trials, we can remind ourselves of this unshakable truth: Our God does not change. His love, His power, and His promises are as sure today as they were in the past—and they will remain true for all eternity.
More: Lesson 6 - God's Love of Justice
