The Feeding of the 5,000 - Parallels to Moses and The Old Testemment - John 6:1-14

 

In John 6:1–14, the account of Jesus feeding the 5,000 has several parallels to Moses and the deliverance of the Israelites, specifically the miracle of manna in the wilderness.

Here are the key parallels

Feeding the People Miraculously

 Moses: In the wilderness, Moses led the Israelites after their escape from Egypt. The people were in need of food, and God provided manna (bread from heaven) to sustain them (Exodus 16).

 Jesus: Similarly, in John 6, Jesus feeds a large crowd (5,000 men, plus women and children) in a remote place. He miraculously multiplies five loaves of bread and two fish, providing abundant food for all present.

   Parallel: Both Moses and Jesus acted as intermediaries through whom God provided food miraculously in the wilderness. Jesus' act of providing bread should have reminded the people of God's provision through Moses.

 Sign of Divine Provision

 Moses: The manna was a divine provision for the people’s physical needs in the wilderness, symbolizing God’s care and sustaining power.

 Jesus: Jesus' miraculous feeding also symbolizes God's care, but it points toward a deeper, spiritual provision that He will later expound on as being the "bread of life" (John 6:35), signifying that Jesus Himself is the ultimate source of life and sustenance.

   Parallel: In both instances, the provision of bread points to God's sustaining power, but Jesus’ miracle points to a greater fulfillment—eternal sustenance through Himself.

 Abundance and Leftovers

 Moses: With the manna, the Israelites were given exactly what they needed daily (Exodus 16:16-18). No more and no less, symbolizing God’s sufficiency.

 Jesus: In contrast, after feeding the 5,000, there were twelve baskets of leftovers (John 6:13), which represents the overflowing abundance of Jesus' provision, beyond what was immediately necessary.

   Parallel: While manna was a daily provision that met the immediate needs, Jesus' miracle was abundant and overflowing, pointing to the superabundance of God’s grace through Jesus.

Expectation of the Prophet Like Moses

 Moses: Deuteronomy 18:15 speaks of a prophet like Moses whom God would raise up. The Jewish people were waiting for this prophet.

 Jesus: After the miracle, the people declare that Jesus is "the Prophet who is to come into the world" (John 6:14), recognizing the parallel between Jesus and Moses.

   Parallel: The people saw Jesus’ miracle as a sign that He was the fulfillment of the promise in Deuteronomy, the new Moses who would lead them to deliverance.

 Deliverance

 Moses: Moses led the Israelites out of physical bondage in Egypt, an act of deliverance.

 Jesus: Jesus’ miracles point to a greater deliverance from spiritual bondage—freedom from sin and death. The miracle of the feeding of the 5,000 foreshadows the spiritual sustenance and deliverance Jesus offers.

   Parallel: Just as Moses led the people to freedom, Jesus offers ultimate deliverance, not just from hunger, but from spiritual death.

In summary, the miracle of the feeding of the 5,000 should have reminded the people of Moses' role in God's provision of manna in the wilderness. Jesus, like Moses, provides miraculous food, but He also surpasses Moses by offering a greater, eternal sustenance and deliverance. This event foreshadows Jesus’ identity as the true Bread of Life who provides not just for physical needs but for the deepest spiritual needs of humanity.

Falling into the trap of believing in God, having correct doctrines, but not surrendering to Christ

 

It's important to recognize that intellectual belief in God or correct doctrines does not necessarily equate to a deep, transformative relationship with Christ. Many people can know about God, adhere to religious teachings, and follow doctrines but miss the essence of a fully surrendered life. Here are a few ways to avoid falling into that trap.

Examine the Heart, Not Just the Mind

   Faith in Christ goes beyond intellectual assent; it is about the posture of the heart. A personal relationship with Christ requires more than knowing the right beliefs. It involves a heartfelt trust, love, and obedience to Him. Regular self-examination helps ensure that faith is not only head knowledge but heart surrender. Ask: Am I living for God or just knowing about God?

Prioritize Relationship Over Ritual

   Following religious rituals or maintaining theological correctness can sometimes give a false sense of security. The Pharisees in the Bible knew the Scriptures and observed religious practices but missed the deeper relationship with God. Focus on cultivating an ongoing, personal relationship with Christ, not just ticking the boxes of religious duties. Ask: Am I seeking intimacy with Christ in prayer, worship, and obedience?

Obedience to Christ's Teachings

   Surrender is demonstrated in obedience. Jesus said, “If you love me, keep my commandments” (John 14:15). It's possible to have knowledge of doctrines but not fully live them out. A fully surrendered heart is one that seeks to follow Christ's teachings even when it’s hard. Regularly reflect on whether your life aligns with Christ’s commands.

Avoid Compartmentalizing Faith

   Sometimes people compartmentalize their faith, giving God certain parts of their life (like Sunday worship or specific areas) but not others. True surrender means submitting every area of life—finances, relationships, work, ambitions, and desires—under Christ's lordship. Ask: Are there areas of my life where I am holding back from God’s control?

Cultivate Humility and Repentance

   Pride in knowledge or accomplishments can block full surrender. Humility, on the other hand, recognizes that we are continually in need of God’s grace. True surrender comes from a place of brokenness and repentance. Regularly approach God with a humble heart, asking Him to reveal any areas of pride or self-reliance.

Seek Transformation, Not Just Information

   Romans 12:2 calls believers to be “transformed by the renewing of your mind.” The goal of Christian faith is not just to accumulate information about God but to allow that truth to transform who we are. True surrender allows the Holy Spirit to change our hearts, desires, and behaviors, so we become more like Christ. Ask: Is my faith transforming my character and actions?

Surrender Is an Ongoing Process

   Fully surrendering to Christ is not a one-time event but a daily, ongoing process. Each day presents new challenges and opportunities to trust and obey God. Commit to regular prayer, asking God to help you surrender more of your life to Him and rely on the Holy Spirit for strength.

By focusing on these aspects, we can avoid the danger of mere intellectual faith and embrace a deeper, fully surrendered life in Christ.

Sabbath School Lesson 2: Signs of Divinity

 

Themes in the Gospel of John

Sabbath School Lesson 2

Signs of Divinity

You may use this for presenting and studying the current Sabbath School Lesson.

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> Download the notes for Lesson 2 video here.

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> Download  Themes in the Gospel of John (4th  qtr) Sabbath School Lessons Here

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Why was Jesus persecuted for His action on the Sabbath? John 5:16–18

 

In John 5:16–18, Jesus was persecuted for healing a man on the Sabbath and for claiming equality with God. Here’s a breakdown of the passage:

John 5:16: "So, because Jesus was doing these things on the Sabbath, the Jewish leaders began to persecute Him."  

The Jewish leaders believed that healing was considered "work," which was prohibited on the Sabbath according to their interpretation of the law. By healing a man who had been disabled for 38 years (John 5:1–15), Jesus was seen as violating the Sabbath.

John 5:17 NIV: "In His defense, Jesus said to them, ‘My Father is always at His work to this very day, and I too am working.’"  

Jesus responds by pointing out that God the Father never ceases to sustain the world, even on the Sabbath. By aligning His actions with God’s continuous work, Jesus implied that He shared in God's divine authority, which deeply troubled the Jewish leaders.

John 5:18: "For this reason they tried all the more to kill Him; not only was He breaking the Sabbath, but He was even calling God His own Father, making Himself equal with God."  

The Jewish leaders not only viewed Jesus as breaking the Sabbath law, but they also understood His claim to be the Son of God as a declaration of equality with God. This was considered blasphemy, which under Jewish law was punishable by death.

So, Jesus was persecuted for two key reasons:

1. Violating their interpretation of the Sabbath by performing work (healing).

2. Claiming to be equal with God, which they saw as blasphemy.

These actions and claims were central to the growing opposition from the religious leaders.

The Pharisees Attitude to Jesus Healing at the Pool of Bethesda

 In John 5:10–16, the religious leaders exhibit a remarkable hardness of heart in response to Jesus' healing of the man at the pool of Bethesda. Despite witnessing a miraculous healing, they are more concerned about the Sabbath regulations than the well-being of the man or the authority behind the miracle. Here are a few lessons we can take away from their response.

Legalism Over Compassion

The religious leaders prioritize their rigid interpretation of the law over compassion for a suffering person. Instead of rejoicing in the healing of the man who had been crippled for 38 years, they accuse him of breaking the Sabbath by carrying his mat. This shows how legalism can blind people to the deeper truths and purposes of God's law, which is intended to bring life and mercy.

We must be careful not to let religious rules or traditions overshadow the heart of God's commands—love, mercy, and justice. True obedience to God includes compassion and care for others.

Spiritual Blindness

The religious leaders are unable to see beyond the surface of the Sabbath law to recognize that Jesus, the one performing the miracle, is fulfilling God's will. Their focus on the law makes them spiritually blind to the reality of who Jesus is and the divine power at work in Him.

It’s possible to be so focused on religious practices that we miss the presence and work of God in our lives. Spiritual blindness can prevent us from recognizing the deeper truths of God's actions.

Hostility Toward Jesus' Authority

Instead of seeing the miracle as a sign of Jesus' divine authority, the religious leaders seek to persecute Him for breaking the Sabbath and making claims about His relationship with God. They are more concerned with maintaining their authority than humbling themselves before God’s work in Jesus.

Pride and a desire for control can cause people to reject God's authority when it challenges their own status or understanding. We should be humble and open to the ways God may work outside of our expectations.

The Danger of Hardening Our Hearts

Despite the clear evidence of a miracle, the religious leaders refuse to believe in Jesus or His message. Their hearts are hardened by their commitment to the letter of the law rather than its spirit. This hardness of heart is a dangerous spiritual condition, as it prevents repentance and openness to God.

A hardened heart can prevent us from experiencing God’s grace. We must remain open, teachable, and willing to accept the ways God works, even when it challenges our preconceived notions or traditions.

The hardness of heart exhibited by the religious leaders in John 5 teaches us the importance of compassion over legalism, openness to God's work, and humility in recognizing Jesus' authority. It serves as a warning against the dangers of spiritual pride and blind adherence to rules at the expense of love and truth.

For more, go to: Sabbath School Themes in the Gospel of John